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Lithuania: Money and Politics Case Study
Lithuania has rapidly developed both politically and economically since emerging from the Soviet Union in 1991. While the country has built a functioning parliamentary system of government, has become a member of NATO, and is on the verge of joining the European Union, it still faces many problems associated with the many consolidating democracies around the world. As in all democracies, populations need to trust that those they elect will represent their interests. Problems such as corruption, weaknesses in laws concerning the political financing, and unaccounted for political income and expenditures threaten the credibility of the process and hinder the speed at which democracy is consolidated. Additionally, Lithuania lacks the high level of vibrant debate about the issue of political financing among scholars, journalists and civil society bodies required to promote meaningful reform. Recognizing this, Lithuania has developed an independent Central Electoral Committee (CEC) and adopted laws requiring detailed and public disclosure of political finance accounts. Prior to conducting Money and Politics programming in Lithuania, the CEC had made a demonstrable interest in making information public. While scanning summary report of accounts and placing them on the internet, the user could not search, not easily compare and analyze the information. Interested parties were required to make an appointment to view more detailed, paper-based information. Further, while the Tax Authorities are required to audit final political party reports, enforcement is widely considered to be weak. Few, if any, cases of political finance violations have been forwarded and investigated, not to mention prosecuted. By addressing the difficult issues surrounding political finance with the support of IFES in 2002 and 2003, Lithuania is emerging as a model for other consolidating democracy to follow. Significant areas remain to be addressed. While Lithuania has taken concrete steps to reform political finance legislation, open political finance information to public scrutiny and oversight, and encourage debate, further efforts are required to actively enforce laws and regulations and raise the level of debate among the various governmental, legislative, and civil society groups. By addressing these areas, Lithuania has the potential for being an example of best practices while making local expertise and resources to other countries undergoing similar reforms.
December 31, 2002
Election Material
Civic Education Material
Manual de Capacitacion Electoral - Miembros de Colegios
“Electoral Training Manual-Electoral College Members” is an electoral training workbook, available in Spanish, issued in 2002 by the Central Electoral Board, in lead up to the May 16, 2002 Congressional and Municipal Elections in the Dominican Republic. The manual is a descriptive source of information about the procedures and attributes for those who will become Electoral College Members during the 2002 Congressional and Municipal Elections. The guide provides information on the responsibilities of each member of the Electoral College at the different stages in the electoral process. Additionally, it includes various forms of valuable use for the college members at all times during the electoral process.
Election Material
Civic Education Material
Boleta Congresional
“The Congressional Ballot” is an informative brochure, available in Spanish, issued in 2002 by the Central Electoral Board in lead up to the May 16, 2002 Congressional Elections in the Dominican Republic. The brochure contains the list of the candidate political parties as well as instructions on the voting procedures in the Congressional Elections.
Election Material
Civic Education Material
Boleta Municipal
“The Municipal Ballot” is an informative brochure, available in Spanish, issued in 2002 by the Central Electoral Board in lead up to the May 16, 2002 Municipal Elections in the Dominican Republic. The brochure contains the list of the candidate political parties as well as instructions on the voting procedures in the Municipal Elections.
Election Material
Civic Education Material
Boleta Para Fines Educativos (Elecciones Ordinarias Generales Congresionales y Municipales)
“Ballot for Educative Means (General Congressional and Municipal Elections)” is an informative brochure, available in Spanish, issued in 2002 by the Central Electoral Board in lead up to the May 16, 2002 Congressional and Municipal in the Dominican Republic. The brochure has a sample of the ballot at both the municipal and congressional elections as well as it provides a brief explanation of the voting procedure.
Election Material
Ballot
Dominican Republic Presidential Ballot 2000
Sample ballot used in the 16 May 2000 Presidential election in the Dominican Republic. The main candidates in the election were Hipolito MEJIA, Danilo MEDINA, and Joaquin BALAGUER.
Election Material
Civic Education Material
La Observacion Electoral: Elecciones Presidenciales del 2000
“The Electoral Observation: the 2000 Presidential Election” is an informational brochure, available in Spanish, issued in 2000 by the “Citizen Participation” movement, in lead up to the 2000 Presidential Election in the Dominican Republic. The brochure explains the meaning of citizen participation and electoral observation on the part of the civil society.
Election Material
Civic Education Material
Como Votar en las elecciones presidenciales de Mayo 2000
“How to Vote in the May 2000 Presidential Election” is an informative handbook, available in Spanish, issued in 2000 by Vianela Diaz from the civic education movement organization “Citizen Participation” in lead up to the 2000 Presidential Election in the Dominican Republic. The handbook is meant to help voluntary observers to understand the practices of vote casting. The documents starts off with a description of the history of elections in the Dominican Republic and its importance, an explanation of the 1994 electoral reform and lastly, a description of the voting procedures on the day of the elections.
Election Material
Election and Political Party Law
Republic of The Philippines Act No. 8753
Republic of The Philippines Act No. 8753