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Publication
Report/Paper

Republic of Indonesia: Evaluation of Poll Worker Training, January 2000

The June 7, 1999 parliamentary elections in the Republic of Indonesia were a transitional step toward democratic rule and professional, independent election administration. Although, for the most part, election day was a peaceful expression of the franchise, the election was seriously flawed administratively. One of the most glaring and potentially disastrous elements in the election administration was the training of the election day poll workers or KPPS members. Through the ingenuity of some, past experience of others, and willingness to work extremely hard, the Indonesian KPPS members performed admirably on June 7. But adequate and timely training, clear instructions, and uniform and professional administration would have improved their performance. The evaluation of the poll worker training program can be seen to clearly support the fact that the training was inconsistent at best, and/or non-existent throughout the country. In discussion after discussion, KPPS members support these findings and provide their own recommendations for improved election procedures and training. This inconsistency permeates the entire administration from the manner and timing of the appointment of KPPS members, to the number of KPPS members in a polling station, or TPS, to the delivery of materials and instructions to KPPS members. Regulations meant to standardize procedures either did not exist, were unknown, or were ignored by the various levels of election administration. It is essential that the National Election Commission (KPU) thoroughly review and prepare professional administrative remedies to correct these deficiencies before the next election. Only with uniform regulations and a consistent training program, which is professionally prepared and administered, can election administration problems be avoided in future elections.
December 31, 1999
Publication
Survey

Public Opinion Preceding the Parliamentary Elections in Indonesia (1999)

This report presents the results of a survey of public opinion conducted in Indonesia from December, 1998 to February, 1999. Interviews were completed with a sample of 1507 randomly selected adults (18+ years of age) throughout the country. In keeping with the standard practice of the IFES survey research program, this survey was intended in so far as possible to be nationally representative of the entire adult population of Indonesia. What this means, practically, is that every adult citizen of Indonesia ought to have had the same chance of being selected for participation in the survey. Great effort was made to conduct interviews in all regions of the country; in both cities and rural areas; in Indonesian and local languages. These measures were intended to keep to a minimum the size of any population which was systematically excluded from the survey. (Some regions were excluded for security and practical reasons: East Timor, Irian Jaya, Central Kalimantan, Central Sulawesi, and East Nusa Tengara.) The survey questionnaire was written by IFES consultant Steven Wagner, in collaboration with the staff of IFES Jakarta and the Indonesia team at IFES Washington. Sample design and interviewing was accomplished by the private survey research firm Insight (PT. Insightindo Arya Dharma) of Jakarta. The analysis of survey results was conducted by Mr. Wagner.
October 31, 1999
Publication
Report/Paper

Implementation of the Proportional Representation System in Awarding National DPR Seats Based on Results of the June 1999 Elections

This publication is written in English and Bahasa Indonesian. The law governing Indonesia’s elections on June 7 provided that seats for legislative assemblies at the national, provincial and district levels were allocated to political parties according to proportional representation. Each of Indonesia’s 27 provinces served as an electoral area for distribution of the 462 elected seats in the national DPR (38 DPR seats were assigned by law to the military). Each province was apportioned a number of DPR seats reflecting its population and number of component districts (kabupaten / kotamadya). Under proportional representation, each party winning sufficient votes in a province wins a share of DPR seats roughly proportionate to that party’s share of the vote in that province.
September 08, 1999
Publication
Report/Paper

Republic of Indonesia, 1999: Allocation of Seats to Political Parties for the Peoples Representative Assembly (DPR)


On June 7, 1999, elections were held in Indonesia for the 462 elected seats in the national People's Representative Assembly (DPR) and for assemblies at the provincial and district levels. The election law approved in January provided for assembly seats to be allocated to political parties contesting the election according to a proportional representation system.
September 08, 1999
Publication
Survey

Survey of the Indonesian Electorate Following the June 1999 Elections

This report presents the results of a survey of public opinion conducted in Indonesia from August 14-29, 1999. Interviews were completed with a sample of 1520 randomly selected adults (17+ years of age) throughout the country. In keeping with the standard practice of the IFES survey research program, this survey was intended insofar as possible to be nationally representative of the entire adult population of Indonesia. What this means, as a practical matter, is that every adult citizen of Indonesia ought to have had the same chance of being selected for participation in the survey. Great effort was made to conduct interviews in all regions of the country (although some regions were excluded for security and practical reasons), in both cities and rural areas, in Indonesian and local languages. These measures were intended to keep to a minimum the size of any population which was systematically excluded from participation in the survey. In the end, we conducted interviews in 22 of 27 provinces; excluded were Dista Aceh and East Timor (for reasons of interviewer safety), and Central Kalimantan, Maluku and Irian Jaya (for logistical reasons). The DPR election in June was a watershed event, both in the history of Indonesia and in the impact on public opinion. The experience of the election was positive for most Indonesians, because the actual voting was well executed and because of the more general perception that this election was real, ushering in a new Democratic era. As an apparent consequence, pro-Democratic sentiment has solidified in Indonesia. The percentage of Indonesians who consider Indonesia to be primarily a democracy more than doubled, from 33 percent at the beginning of the year to 74 percent after the election. The percentage who says Indonesia should be a democracy rose from 70 percent to 86 percent during the same period.
August 31, 1999